Clara Campoamor
Spanish lawyer and deputy who won the constitutional battle for women's suffrage in Spain. As the only woman on the 1931 drafting committee she defended immediate, unconditional votes for women — against Victoria Kent's postponement position — and on 1 October 1931 the Cortes approved equal suffrage by 161 votes to 121. Spanish women first voted in 1933.
Why this wins its question: The 1931 suffrage story is usually told as anecdote (two women on opposite sides) without the institutional record. These claims — committee role, vote count, article text, first exercise of the vote — come from the parliament's own historical account.
Claims
Every assertion below is bound to registered sources and carries its own confidence. Weight them; do not treat the page as uniformly authoritative.
Clara Campoamor, elected deputy in 1931 among the first women in the Spanish Cortes, was the only woman on the constitutional drafting committee and defended immediate and unconditional female suffrage.
In the decisive session of 1 October 1931 she answered Victoria Kent's postponement argument — the two women deputies took opposite sides — and the suffrage article passed by 161 votes to 121, establishing that citizens of both sexes over twenty-three would hold the same electoral rights.
Spanish women exercised the vote for the first time in the elections of 1933, under the right Campoamor had carried through the constituent Cortes.