Milicia y descripción de las Indias (1599) — a frontier captain's manual, and the licence that limited it

Bernardo de Vargas Machuca printed in 1599 the first practical manual of American frontier soldiering, dedicated to the president of the Council of the Indies. Its own censor's parecer, printed in front of it, divides the Indians into kinds and orders that one kind be left in peace even if they refuse it, saying the book was not composed for them. Inside, the captain explains that nobody paid for these expeditions — which is the beginning of an answer to what the men expected instead.