Diego Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva-España (written 1579-1581, printed 1867)

A Dominican's history of the Mexica, built from their own painted books and from old men who remembered, finished in 1581 and left unprinted for nearly three centuries. When it was finally set in type in Mexico City in 1867 the authorship line of the manuscript had been scratched out by someone trying to pass the work off as his own, and the editor who recovered the name was himself being driven out of the country as the sheets went through the press.