Medical services of the Spanish armed forces, c.1665-1700

Under the reign usually written off as the nadir of Spanish power, the monarchy ran standing military hospitals from Mechelen to Cartagena, put a surgeon in every regiment and a physician, surgeon and pharmacist in every galleon, and contracted the Hospitallers of St John of God to nurse them. It also paid for almost none of it on time. The same archival study establishes both, and rates the result better than England's and worse than the Dutch Republic's.