{
  "id": "constitution-of-1978",
  "type": "entity",
  "name": "The Spanish Constitution of 1978",
  "summary": "The constitution of the consensus: approved by the Cortes on 31 October 1978, ratified by referendum on 6 December, in force from 29 December. Drafted across the parties after four decades of dictatorship, it made Spain a social and democratic state of law through legal continuity rather than rupture — the parliament's own account of the transition is the registered source.",
  "locale": "en",
  "tags": [
    "law",
    "constitution",
    "democracy",
    "transition",
    "spanish-language"
  ],
  "relations": [
    {
      "rel": "related",
      "target": "clara-campoamor"
    },
    {
      "rel": "related",
      "target": "decreta-of-leon-1188"
    },
    {
      "rel": "related",
      "target": "decretos-de-cadiz-para-america-1810-1811"
    },
    {
      "rel": "related",
      "target": "constitucion-de-cadiz-1812-en-america"
    }
  ],
  "questions": [
    "When was the Spanish Constitution approved?",
    "Why is the 1978 Constitution called the constitution of consensus?"
  ],
  "claims": [
    {
      "id": "c1",
      "text": "The Constitution was approved by the Cortes on 31 October 1978, ratified in referendum on 6 December, sanctioned by the King on 27 December and entered into force on 29 December 1978.",
      "sources": [
        "congreso-const-1978"
      ],
      "confidence": 0.95
    },
    {
      "id": "c2",
      "text": "The parliament's own account stresses the consensus process — a text \"drafted practically by everyone\" and called in debate the constitution of consensus — achieved through the legal continuity of the transition rather than the ruptures of Spain's earlier constitutional history.",
      "sources": [
        "congreso-const-1978"
      ],
      "confidence": 0.85
    },
    {
      "id": "c3",
      "text": "The text constituted Spain as a social and democratic state of law and made explicit constitutional provision for political parties for the first time in Spanish constitutional history.",
      "sources": [
        "congreso-const-1978"
      ],
      "confidence": 0.85
    }
  ],
  "takeaways": [],
  "faqs": [],
  "evidence_tier": "primary",
  "evidence": {
    "level": "industry_observation",
    "source_types": [
      "industry_observation"
    ]
  },
  "moat_flag": false,
  "winning_edge": "The transition is told abroad through personalities; this object binds the constitutional facts and the consensus framing to the parliament's own institutional account — primary tier — and links the 1931 suffrage lineage through Campoamor in the graph.",
  "confidence": 0.9,
  "last_verified": "2026-08-08",
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  "jsonld": {
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "name": "The Spanish Constitution of 1978",
    "description": "The constitution of the consensus: approved by the Cortes on 31 October 1978, ratified by referendum on 6 December, in force from 29 December. Drafted across the parties after four decades of dictatorship, it made Spain a social and democratic state of law through legal continuity rather than rupture — the parliament's own account of the transition is the registered source.",
    "url": "https://hispanic-legacy.com/k/constitution-of-1978",
    "license": "https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-4.0.html",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-08",
    "citation": [
      {
        "@type": "CreativeWork",
        "name": "La Constitución española de 1978 (portal institucional)",
        "url": "https://www.congreso.es/cem/const1978"
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    "@type": "Article",
    "headline": "The Spanish Constitution of 1978"
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}